What is the prevailing philosophical background in the first century?

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During the 1st century there is an environment in the pagan world that facilitated the birth and spread of Christianity. What were the origins? 1.Critique of polytheism. 2. Platonism: Platonic philosophy speaks of the future destiny of the immortal soul. There is an awareness that there is a life beyond in which we will have to give an account for what is done in this world. 3. Stoic philosophy: it offers rules of life by which society is governed. 4. Philosophy acts like a religion in the Roman world. Christianity is presented as a new monotheistic philosophy in which immortality is assured and its norms help the empire to function properly. All these causes contributed to the birth and expansion of Christianity.

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